農村金融結構與農村經濟發展研究
畢業
農村金融結構與農村經濟發展研究
摘要：農村經濟的發展是我國國民經濟穩定的基礎。要保證農村經濟的快速穩定發展，必須有1個規范健全的農村金融結構來提供資金的支持和保障。在我國現行的農村金融結構中合作金融發揮主體作用，政策性金融與商業性金融發揮重要作用，組織機構結構看似完備、覆蓋率高，然而從現實情況來看：農村正式金融機構的供給遠遠不能滿足農村經濟發展的金融需求，主要表現為農戶和鄉鎮企業融資困難。農村經濟主體資金嚴重匱乏，在很大程度上已成為制約農村經濟發展的瓶頸。究其原因，農村金融體制存在缺陷：農村金融2元結構、農村經濟主體的弱勢地位、金融契約的不完備以及信息的不對稱，使得涉農金融業務交易成本高，導致商業性金融機構追逐利益而放棄農村金融市場；政策性金融機構的金融服務供給比較單1，服務覆蓋面低；合作金融支農力不從心；鄉村負債和郵政儲蓄的單項籌資惡化了農村的金融生態環境。構件1個完善的農村金融結構將有助于增加農村金融服務的可獲得性，充分發揮農村金融對農村經濟的促進作用。
關鍵詞：農村金融結構；金融抑制；農村經濟發展；農村合作金融；農業商業金融；政策性金融
Study on the rural finance and rural economy development
Abstract：The development of the rural economy provides a solid foundation for the stable development of our national economy .In order to guarantee the rapid and steady development of rural economy, a standard and sound financial system is required to provide funds. Now china has formed a rural financial system with the cooperative finance as the mainstay, the policy finance and the commercial finance playing an important role. Although rural financial market appears perfect and has a high coverage rate, in fact the supply of formal finance can hardly satisfy the financial demand that the rural economy development produces. The main representation is that the peasant households and the township enterprise can’t finance smoothly. The market players in rural areas are seriously short of funds, and this has become the bottleneck of the rural economy development. Trace it to its cause, the rural financial system has defects: duality rural financial structure, the weakness of rural economy agent, incomplete finance contract and information asymmetry make the transaction cost of financial activity very high, and result in the commercial finance institutions to withdraw from the rural financial market in the course of pursuing to withdraw from the rural financial market in the course of pursuing profit; The service of the policy finance institution is relatively simple, and the coverage rate is low too; the rural credit cooperatives are reluctant to serve for rural market; the rural debts and the one-side funds-raising of postal saving have worsened the ecological environment of the rural finance. Setting up a perfect rural financial system will contribute to increase financial services in rural market, and give fell scope to the important role of the rural financial system in stimulating rural economic growth.
Key words: rural finance structure, financial suppression, rural economy development
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