公交車調度方案
公交車調度方案
摘要
本文要求在照顧乘客和公交公司雙方利益的前提下，給出1個合理的調度方案。此文以乘客的滿意率、公交公司的滿載率和所需車輛數(shù)目為目標函數(shù)，求它們的加權和的最大值。由于雙方的利益是矛盾的，如何找到1個令雙方都能接受的解是問題的關鍵。因此要找出與雙方利益均密切相關的因素——發(fā)車間隔，通過對發(fā)車間隔的尋優(yōu)，來解決這個問題。
根據(jù)始發(fā)站的18個時段的客流量以及前后時段之間的客流比率來確定峰值的分類，通過該方法得出了上行客流峰值為5 個，其峰值區(qū)間為：5:O0--6:00 , 6:00--10:00 , 10:00--16:00 , 16:00--19:00 , 19:00--23:00 ；下行客流峰值為5 個,其峰值區(qū)間為：5:O0--7:00 , 7:00--10:00 ,10:00--15:00 , 15:00--19:00 ,19:00--23:00.
在尋找發(fā)車間隔的過程中，針對各個時間段內始發(fā)站上車人數(shù)的不同將發(fā)車間隔按早晚高峰期、低谷期、中間期，分成4個時期，采用搜索算法進行求解。 結果為早高峰期發(fā)車間隔為2分鐘、中間期為7分鐘、晚高峰期為2分鐘、低谷期為10分鐘，上行方向和下行方向的對應時期發(fā)車間隔相等；根據(jù)發(fā)車間隔，得到兩個始發(fā)站的發(fā)車時刻表；計算出所需的最多車輛數(shù)目為51輛,總車次為575次，乘客滿意率為95%，滿載率為59.03%；提供了1份詳盡的調度方案并對其可行性進行了論證。
然后對模型進行了改進。方案是對原來劃分的4個時期加以細化，計算出所需的最多車輛數(shù)目為47輛；總車次為432次；乘客滿意率為92.24%；滿載率為70.49%。接著討論了各時間段的行駛速度不同的發(fā)車方案和加開區(qū)間車的方案。另外還進行了參數(shù)靈敏度分析，得到了不同的時期的發(fā)車間隔變化對于模型的影響程度，其中t1的影響程度最大。
關鍵字：公交車調度；加權求和；峰值；搜索算法
Abstract
This paper requirements in taking care of the passengers and transit interests of both companies on the premise that given a reasonable scheduling program. Quoting a customer satisfaction rate, the bus company loaded with the required rate and the number of vehicles as the objective function, They requested the weighted and the maximum. Because the two sides are conflicting interests, how to find a mutually acceptable solution is the key to the problem. Therefore to identify with the interests of both sides are closely related factors -- frequencies, the frequencies of the optimization, to solve this problem.
According to the sending station 18 hours and the customer flow between the periods before and after the passenger flow peak ratio to determine the classification, The methodology adopted by the rising passenger traffic for five peak, the peak interval : 5 : will be in -- 6 : 00, 6 : 00 -- 10:00, 10:00 -- 16 : 00, 16:00 -- 19 : 00, 19:00 -- 23 : 00; downlink peak passenger flow for the five, their peak interval : 5 : will be in -- 7 : 00, 7:00 -- 10 : 00, 10 : 00 -- 15:00, 15:00 -- 19 : 00 ,19:00 -- 23 : 00.
Find headway in the process, address the various periods sending 100101 number of different frequencies according to the peak sooner or later, the bottom view, in the middle period, divided into four periods, the search algorithm used to solve. Early results of the peak frequencies of 2 minutes, in the middle period of seven minutes, the evening peak period of two minutes, the bottom for 10 minutes, uplink and downlink direction of the direction of the corresponding period of the same frequencies; According headway, be sending two stations in question Schedules; calculate the maximum number of vehicles to 51, with a total of 575 vehicles. passenger satisfaction rate of 95%, with a rate of 59.03%; provide a detailed scheduling program and its feasibility is demonstrated.
Then the model improvements. Program is to the original period of four to be refined, calculate the maximum number of vehicles to 47; Total vehicle trips to 432 times; passenger satisfaction rate of 92.24%; full rate of 70.49%. Then discussed each time the speed of the program in question and processing open interval car program. It is also a parameter sensitivity analysis, a different time frequencies for model changes the extent of the impact, t1 with the greatest influence.
Keywords : Bus scheduling; Weighted summation; Peak; Search Algorithm
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