新概念英語(yǔ)第二冊(cè)語(yǔ)法總結(jié)：狀語(yǔ)從句
一、條件狀語(yǔ)從句
1.unless從句的謂語(yǔ)只能用肯定式。unless和if…not同義，unless是書(shū)面語(yǔ)，if…not是口語(yǔ)，通常二者可以換用。
條件狀語(yǔ)從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)一般要用現(xiàn)在時(shí)或過(guò)去時(shí)代替一般將來(lái)時(shí)或過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)。從屬連詞為if, unless, as/so long as, in case, so far as。
Difficulties are nothing if we are not afraid of them.
如果我們不怕困難，困難就算不了什么了。
We shall go there tomorrow unless it rains.
除非下雨，我們明天就去那里。
= We shall go there tomorrow if it doesn’t rain.
So/As long as you work hard, you will succeed.
只要你努力工作，你就一定能成功。
In case I forget, please remind me about it .
萬(wàn)一我忘了，請(qǐng)?zhí)嵝盐乙幌隆?/p>
So far as I know, the book will be published next month.
據(jù)我所知，那本書(shū)下月出版。
二、方式狀語(yǔ)從句
1.此處as譯為，按照或正如
as if或as though的意義和用法基本一樣。從句中可以用現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示可能符合事實(shí)，也可以用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。
Draw a cat as I taught you .
按照我教你的畫(huà)一只貓。
Do as you are told.
按照人家告訴你做的去做。
She looks as if she is ill.
看上去她好象是生病了。
He acted as if (though) nothing had happened.
他的行動(dòng)就好象什么也沒(méi)有發(fā)生。
They treat the black boy as if (though) he were an animal.
他們對(duì)待這黑孩子仿佛他是一頭牲口。
三、讓步狀語(yǔ)從句
1.在句子中一般用了“雖然”就不能再用“但是”(but)但可以與yet或still連用。though / although意義相同，用法基本一樣，前者通俗，口語(yǔ)化，后者正式多放主句的前面。
Although (Though) he was over sixty, (yet) he began to learn French.
雖然他六十多歲了，但仍開(kāi)始學(xué)習(xí)法語(yǔ) .
We were not tired though (although) we had worked all day.
雖然我們干了一天活，但并不累。
2.even if 和even though的意思為“即使”“縱使”有退一步設(shè)想的意味，多用于書(shū)面語(yǔ)中。
I’ll go even if (though) it rains tomorrow.
即使明天下雨，我也要去。
3.as引出的狀語(yǔ)從句多用于書(shū)面語(yǔ)，它比用though或although引導(dǎo)的從句，語(yǔ)氣強(qiáng)，更有表現(xiàn)力，從句常放在句首，語(yǔ)序部分倒裝。
Child as he is , he knows a lot.
雖然他是一個(gè)孩子，但他懂得很多。
Cold as it is, (=Though it is cold,) the children play outdoors.
雖然天氣冷，但孩子們?nèi)栽趹敉馔妗?/p>
4.no matter...與 who-ever引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句意義基本一 樣，no matter...引導(dǎo)的從句可是以位于主句前或主句后。
Do it no matter what others say.
不管別人怎么說(shuō)，盡管干。
No matter how busy he was, he studied English every day.
不管他多忙，他都每天堅(jiān)持學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)。
No matter who takes up the matter for me, I shall be very grateful.
不管誰(shuí)為我處理這件事，我都將非常感激。
5.wh-ever(whatever whoever whenever whichever however)從句中的動(dòng)詞有時(shí)可以和may連用。判斷wh-ever引導(dǎo)的是狀語(yǔ)從句還是名詞性從句的一點(diǎn)是，名詞性從句，主句中一定有一個(gè)成分要在從句擔(dān)任，一般從句與主句之間沒(méi)有逗號(hào)。不可將no matter與wh-ever連用。
I'll try to give whatever you want.(名詞性從句)
我會(huì)盡量滿足你的所需。
Whatever happens / may happen, we shall not lose heart.(狀語(yǔ)從句)
無(wú)論發(fā)生什么，我們都不要失去信心。
Whoever comes, he will be welcome.(狀語(yǔ)從句)
無(wú)論誰(shuí)來(lái)，都會(huì)受到歡迎。
四、比較狀語(yǔ)從句
1.連詞表示同程度級(jí)的比較，肯定句用as…as否定句可用not as…as 或not so…as，從屬連詞有as…as, not so/as…as, the same…as, such…as。
Mary is as old as my sister.
瑪利和我姐姐一樣大。
He doesn’t run so (as) fast as Jack (does).
他不如杰克跑得那樣快。
His book is the same as mine.
他的書(shū)和我的一樣。
Henry is not such a good worker as Peter .
享利這個(gè)工人不如彼得那樣好。
2.表示不同程度之比較，主句中用比較級(jí)的形容詞或副詞。從屬連詞為than。
She has made greater progress this year than she did last year.
她今年比去年進(jìn)步更大。
He bought fewer books than I (did).
他買的書(shū)比我買的少。
3.the more…the more 意思為越……越……，通常的語(yǔ)序?yàn)閺木湓谇爸骶湓诤螅@兩個(gè)the都是表示程度的副詞，用在比較級(jí)的形容詞或副詞前面。
句子意思明顯，句子的主語(yǔ)和動(dòng)詞都可省略。
The more you read, the better you understand.
你看的書(shū)越多，你懂得的就越多。
The more tickets you sell, the more money you will get.
你賣的票越多，你的收入也越多。
The harder you work, the greater progress you will make.
你工作越努力，你取得的進(jìn)步就越大。
The sooner, the better.
越快越好。
The warmer, the better.
越暖和越好。
【專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練】
1、You like sports ______ I’d like to read.
A.when B.while C.but D.yet
2、______ we were singing, the teacher came in.
A.Before B.after C.As D.Until
3、I was about to leave my house ______ the phone rang.
A.while B. when C.as D.after
4、They did not stop fighting ______ there was no enemy left.
A.until B.after C.when D.since
5、I have not seen him ______ he went to college.
A.when B.before C.as D.since
6、It is five days ______ we came here.
A.when B.before C.as D.since
7、It was not long ______ he got to know it.
A.when B.before C.after D.until
8、We shall go ______ we are free.
A.whenever B.whatever C.wherever D.however
9、______ I live I must serve the people heart and soul.
A.When B.So long as C.As soon as D.On condition
10、I was reading a novel ______ he was watchingTV.
A.when B.while C.before D.as
(后設(shè)答案，大家不要偷看(⊙o⊙)哦，(*^__^*) 嘻嘻……)
Keys
1、B 2、C 3、B 4、A 5、D 6、D 7、B 8、A 9、B 10、B
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