托福寫(xiě)作句式變化深度解析
導(dǎo)語(yǔ)：今天小編整理了一篇很給力的解析給大家，關(guān)于托福寫(xiě)作句式變化的深度解析，小編相信同學(xué)們看完之后一定會(huì)對(duì)托福考試有新的認(rèn)識(shí)。
作為一種語(yǔ)言測(cè)試方式，托福考試的重點(diǎn)是檢測(cè)考生的英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言水平，如何寫(xiě)出正確流暢的語(yǔ)言是得到托福寫(xiě)作單項(xiàng)高分的必備條件。在TOEFL iBT Official Guide(托福官方指南，以下簡(jiǎn)稱OG)中，對(duì)于語(yǔ)言部分的要求是這樣描述的：
“Language use is the third criterion on which your essay will be judged. To get a top score, an essay must display "consistent facility in the use of language."There should be a variety of sentence structures, and word choice should be appropriate. If your essay includes a few minor lexical or grammar errors, you can still get a high score. However, if you make a lot of grammar errors and if those errors make it hard to understand your meaning, you will get a lower score. Raters will also judge your essay based on the complexity of sentence structures and on the quality and complexity of your vocabulary. If you use very simple sentences and very basic vocabulary, you will probably not be able to express very complex ideas. If your language is hard to follow, yoursentences are overly simple, and your vocabulary is limited, you may score no higher than a 3 no matter how impressive your ideas may be.”
可以看出來(lái)，托福獨(dú)立寫(xiě)作部分對(duì)于我們寫(xiě)作的總體要求是consistent facility in the use of language(語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用的和諧流暢)，給我們的具體建議是a variety of sentence structures(句子結(jié)構(gòu)多樣)和word choice should be appropriate(措辭貼切得體)，在之前的文章中，我們討論過(guò)如何使用詞匯(點(diǎn)擊：深夜“識(shí)”堂·寫(xiě)作詞匯的使用)在這篇文章中我們將談一談如何做到句子結(jié)構(gòu)的多樣化。
首先我們需要知道什么樣的句子是沒(méi)有變化的，大家可以閱讀下面學(xué)生寫(xiě)的一段文字：
My brother, Tom, is a good example. Tom lived in the country with my grandparents for twelve years. He went to the city when he grew up. He studied in a middle school there. When Tom was living in the countryside, he seldom fell ill. He enjoyed himself in the nature every day. When he went to the city, he gradually felt his throat sore and often coughed.
這一小段話中，大多數(shù)句子都是簡(jiǎn)單句，而且句子的主語(yǔ)都是Tom或he，讀起來(lái)非常單調(diào)，這時(shí)候就需要改變句子結(jié)構(gòu)，使得表達(dá)方式多樣化。常見(jiàn)的句子變化手法有如下幾種：
1 長(zhǎng)短句結(jié)合
2 松散句和圓周句
3 分詞結(jié)構(gòu)
4 狀語(yǔ)前置
5 倒裝句
6 強(qiáng)調(diào)句式
7 插入語(yǔ)
8 修飾性問(wèn)句
當(dāng)然，達(dá)到句子多樣性方法還有很多，上面提到的幾種方法也不是單獨(dú)使用的，往往是結(jié)合在一起使用的。同時(shí)，各位同學(xué)也不要誤以為句子結(jié)構(gòu)多樣指的就是寫(xiě)長(zhǎng)難句，殊不知濫用從句往往會(huì)使得語(yǔ)言變得冗余。比如說(shuō)，我們想表達(dá)Mary是一個(gè)漂亮的女孩子，寫(xiě)成：Mary is a beautiful girl就可以了，如果偏要寫(xiě)成：Mary is a girl who is beautiful. 看上去句子變長(zhǎng)了，還用上了定語(yǔ)從句，實(shí)際上整個(gè)句子顯得累贅。
當(dāng)然，英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言的使用更多地來(lái)自于同學(xué)們?nèi)粘５姆e累。背誦單詞并多讀范文對(duì)于托福寫(xiě)作語(yǔ)言的準(zhǔn)確使用有著很大的意義。
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