2024年職稱英語(yǔ)理工類B級(jí)預(yù)測(cè)題（含答案）
2024年全國(guó)職稱英語(yǔ)考試時(shí)間為2024年3月26日，為了幫助大家能順利通過2024年職稱英語(yǔ)考試，下面YJBYS小編為大家?guī)?024年職稱英語(yǔ)理工類B級(jí)預(yù)測(cè)題(含答案)，供大家參考學(xué)習(xí)，預(yù)祝考生備考成功!
職稱英語(yǔ)理工類B級(jí)預(yù)測(cè)題含答案
第一部分：詞匯選項(xiàng)(第1～15題，每題1分，共15分)
下面共有15個(gè)句子，每個(gè)句子中均有1個(gè)詞或短語(yǔ)劃有底橫線，請(qǐng)從每個(gè)句子后面所給的4個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇1個(gè)與劃線部分意義最相近的詞或短語(yǔ)。答案一律涂在答題卡相應(yīng)的位置上
1、The most prominent characteristics of handwriting are undoubtedly letter formation and slant.
A、presumably
B、in many cases
C、surely
D、without bias
2、The cars traveled 200 miles a day.
A、came
B、covered
C、gone
D、walked
3、Efficient air service has been madeavailable through modern technology.
A、Affluent
B、Modern
C、Inexpensive
D、Effective
4、We will set off after he finishes packing.
A、set out
B、set back
C、set up
D、set down
5、Customers are well waited on in this big department store.
A、served
B、changed
C、paid
D、treated
6、The steadily rising cost of labor on the waterfront has greatlyincreased the cost of shipping cargo by water.
A、continuously
B、quickly
C、excessively
D、exceptionally
7、The poet William Carlos Williams was a New Jersey physician.
A、doctor
B、professor
C、physicist
D、resident;
8、A will is a document written to ensure that the wishes of thedeceased are realized.
A、fulfilled
B、affiliated
C、advocated
D、received
9、She was grateful to him for being so good to her.
A、helpful
B、hateful
C、delightful
D、thankful
10、Can you account for your absence from the class lastThursday?
A、explain
B、examine
C、excuse
D、expand
11、There is a trend towards equal opportunities for men andwomen.
A、tide
B、tendency
C、target
D、trail
12、After a bitter struggle the rebels were forced to submit.
A、yield
B、dedicate
C、render
D、incline
13、The Victorian speaker was noted for his manual gestures.
A、expressive
B、physical
C、exaggerated
D、dubious
14、People from many countries were drawn to the United States bythe growing cities and industries.
A、drafted
B、transported
C、attracted
D、ordered
15、Anxiety about financial matter lessened somewhat when, in1910, the United States accepted responsibility for Liberias survival.
A、descended
B、faded
C、diminished
D、highlighted
第二部分：閱讀判斷(第16～22題，每題1分，共7分)
閱讀下面這篇短文，短文后列出7個(gè)句子，請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容對(duì)每個(gè)句子做出判斷。如果該句提供的是正確信息，請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡上把A涂黑;如果該句提供的是錯(cuò)誤信息，請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡上把B涂黑;如果該句的信息在文章中沒有提及，請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡上把C涂黑。
On British Newspapers
Besides the daily newspapers, there are anumber of Sunday newspapers in Britain.Many of them are connected with the “dailies”, though not run by the sameeditor and his members. The Sunday papers are larger than the daily papers andusually contain more articles concerned with comment (評(píng)論) and general information rather than news. The national daily andSunday papers have the largest circulation(發(fā)行) in theworld. Of the Sunday papers, the Observer and the Sunday Times are the bestknown.
It is a regrettable fact that the number ofmagazines of a literary or political nature has dropped down since the war.This has probably been caused by the ever-wider use of radio and television.The most successful magazines are those published for women. Their covers are designedto catch the eye, and they certainly succeed in doing so! They offer theirreaders articles on cookery (烹飪法), fashion,needlework, and many other matters of women interest. They also provide adviceto those in love, and adventures with handsome heroes. Some womens magazinesalso include serious articles of more general interest.
The visitor who looks at the magazinesdisplayed in a large bookstall (書攤) which may be foundin an important railway station will notice that there is a wide variety oftechnical or semitech-nical(半專業(yè)的) books and magazines.There are magazines for the motorist, the farmer, the gardener, the nurse, andmany others.
There are many local and regional newspapers.It is common in Britain for a news agent(報(bào)刊經(jīng)售人) todeliver (投遞) the morning papers to his customers for asmall extra payment, this service is usually performed by boys and girls whowant to earn some pocket-money.
16、Some Sunday newspapers may belong to the same publishing company butare no by the same group of people.
A、Right
B、Wrong
C、Not mentioned
17、It is obvious that daily newspapers carry more information than theSunday papers.
A、Right
B、Wrong
C、Not mentioned
18、The Observer carries more political articles than The Sunday Times.
A、Right
B、Wrong
C、Not mentioned
19、The most successful magazines in Britain are those published forwomen,
A、Right
B、Wrong
C、Not mentioned
20、In Britain men do not like reading magazines.
A、Right
B、Wrong
C、Not mentioned
21、Bookstalls only sell technical or semi-technical magazines,
A、Right
B、Wrong
C、Not mentioned
22、Many boys and girls deliver morning newspapers to make somepocket-money.
A、Right
B、Wrong
C、Not mentioned
第三部分：概括大意與完成句子(第23～30題，每題1分，共8分)
閱讀下面這篇短文，短文后有項(xiàng)測(cè)試任：(1)第23～26題要求從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中為第2～5段每段選擇1個(gè)正確的小標(biāo)題;(2)第27～30題要求從所給的個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇4個(gè)正確選項(xiàng)，分別完成每個(gè)句子。請(qǐng)將答案涂在答題卡相應(yīng)的位置上。
Singapore
1、Singapore is an independent city-state in southeastern Asia, consistingof one major island the Singapore Island-and more than50 small islands, located off the southern tip of Mall The city of Singapore,the capital of the country, is at the southeastern end of the Singapore Island,it is one of the most important port cities and commercial centers of SoutheastAsia. The total area of the republic is 640 sq. km.
2、Low-lying Singapore Island has no outstanding relief(輪廓鮮明的) features. A central area of hills rises to the maximum height of 176m. The country has a wet tropical climate,with an average annual temperature of 27.2℃.The average annual rainfall is 2,413 mm;the wettest months ate November through January
3、Singapore is governed under a constitution of 1959, as amended (修正后的). A president, elected to a four-year term, is head of state, and aprime minister is head of government. The president used to be elected byParliament, but by a 1991 constitutional amendment (憲法修正案), the president is now elected directly by the people. TheParliament is the law making body with its 81 members popularly elected.
4、In the late 1980s the country had some 290 primary schools with 278,300pupils and 160 secondary schools with 200,200 students. The main institutionsof higher education are the National University of Singapore (founded in 1980with the combination of two major universities), several technical colleges,and a teachers college.
5、Singapore has one of the highest standards of living of any countryin Asia. In the late 1980s the gross domestic product (GDP) was estimated at $23. 7 billion, or $ 8,870 per person. The fishing industry is centered on theport of During, on southwestern Singapore Island. Industry hasgrown rapidly since the 1960s, and Singapore now produces a diversity (多樣化的) of goods, including chemicals, electronic items, clothing, andprocessed foods, etc. Shipbuilding and petroleum refining are also important.
23、Paragraph 2 __________
24、Paragraph 3 __________
25、Paragraph 4 __________
26、Paragraph 5 __________
A、Introduction to Singapore
B、Education
C、Economy
D、State System of Singapore
E、History of Singapore
F、Land and Climate
27、Singapore is an island country in __________.
28、During most time of year in Singapore it is __________.
29、The president is elected directly by the people by a __________.
30、Singapores economy took off in __________.
A、1959 constitutional amendment
B、southeast Asia
C、1960s
D、rainy
E、1991 constitutional amendment
F、1980s
第四部分：閱讀理解(第31～45題，每題3分，共45分)
下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道題，每題后面有4個(gè)選項(xiàng)。請(qǐng)仔細(xì)閱讀短文并根據(jù)短文回答其后面的問題，從4個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇1個(gè)最佳答案涂在答題卡相應(yīng)的位置上。
第一篇
Urban Rainforest
On the west side of the island of Manhattan inNew York City, tree by tree, leaf by leaf, a 2,500 square foot sector of the CentralAfrican Republics Dzanga Ndoki Rainforest has been transported to, orrecreated at, the American Museum of Natural Historys new half of biodiversity.When the hall opens this May, visitors will visit one of the worlds biggestand most accurate reproduction of one of natures most threatened creations.
To bring the rainforest to New York, a team ofnearly two dozen scientists--the largest collecting expedition the museum hasever organised for an exhibit--spent five weeks in the African rainforestcollecting soil, plants, and leaves; recording and documenting species; studyingtrees; shooting videotape and still photos; and interviewing local people. “Thisarea has been explored very little,” says Hoel Cracraft who estimates that the museum willeventually collect 150 to 180 mammals, more than 300 species of birds, hundredsof butterflies, and hundreds of thousands, if not millions, of organisms. Theexhibition may even have produced a special prize--scientists suspect they haveuncovered several new species.
To give the forest a sense of realness, theback wall of the exhibit is an enormous video-screen, sounds will come out fromhidden speakers, and plans even call or forest smells. Computer controls willvary the effects so that no two walkthroughs will ever be exactly the same.
After the team returned to New York, the forest was reproduced with thehelp of the computer. Computer modelling programmes plotted distances andspecial relationships. Artists studied photos and brought what they saw to life.Plaster trees were made. Recreated animals began to stand in the rainforest ofthe hall. Flying creatures will hang from the ceiling. The light in the forest-one of the exhibits cleverest re-creations--will seem real. Longtube lights will have the correct colour and temperature to produce a naturaleffect. The plants and animals exhibited throughout the hall exist naturally ina perfect balance-remove one, and the whole is imperfect if not endangered. Theexhibit is proof to the hope that the worlds rain-forests will never existsolely as a carefully preserved artifact.
31、What is this passage mainly about? __________
A、The history of the American Museum of Natural History.
B、The reproduction of the rainforest at a New York museum.
C、Visitors interest in the rainforest reproduction at a New Yorkmuseum.
D、Saving rainforests in the Central African Republic.
32、How did the museum collect the data in the Central African Republic?_____
A、It sent a large team of scientists there.
B、It cooperated with many African scientists.
C、It recruited local people to collect mammals, etc.
D、It sent camerament to shoot videotapes.
33、To give the forest a sense of realness, all the following are usedEXCEPT that __________.
A、hidden loudspeakers are used to produce forest sound
B、a huge videoscreen is put up on the back wall
C、special equipment is employed to produce forest smells
D、the forest is surrounded by front and back walls
34、What is the main theme of the last paragraph? __________
A、The layout of the rainforest exhibition.
B、The balance between animals and plants.
C、The clever design of lighting.
D、Preservation of the rainforest exhibition as an artifact.
35、What does the last sentence of the passage most probably mean?__________
A、The rainforest in the Central African Republic will be preservedforever.
B、The well-designed exhibit will be preserved as an artifact.
C、The exhibit reflects the hope that natural rainforests will he wellpreserved.
D、The exhibit of the rainforest in the museum is the sole one in theworld.
第二篇
U.S. Blacks Hard-hit by Cancer
Death rates from cancer tare falling for allAmericans, but black Americans are still more likely to died of cancer thanwhites, the American Cancer Society said Monday.
In a special report on cancer and blacks, theorganization said blacks are usually diagnosed with cancer later than whites,and they are more likely to die of the disease.
This could be because of unequal access tomedical care, because blacks are more likely to have other diseases likediabetes as well, and perhaps because of differences in the biology of thecancer itself, the report added.
“In general, African Americans have lesslikelihood of surviving five years after diagnosis than whites for all cancersites and all stages of diagnosis,” the report said.
“In describing cancer statistics for AfricanAmericans, this report recognizes that socioeconomic disparities and unequalaccess to medical care may underlie many of the differences associated withrace,” the cancer society said blacks should be encouraged to get check-upsearlier, when cancer is more treatable, and it said more research was needed tosee if biological differences play a role.
“The new statistics emphasize the continuingimportance of eliminating these social disparities through public policy andeducation efforts,” the organization said in a statement.
But it also noted a drop in cancer deathrates.
“Cancer death rates in both sexes for allsites combined have declined substantially among African Americans since 1992,as have incidence rates,” says the report.
“Increased efforts to improve economicconditions in combination with education about the relationship of lifestylechoices to cancer could further reduce the burden of cancer among AfricanAmericans.”
About 36 million Americans describe themselvesas black, representing about 12 percent of the population.
36、Black Americans are more likely to die of cancer than __________.
A、white people all over the world
B、white people in America
C、all other Americans
D、their ancestors
37、All the following are probably related to higher cancer death ratesamong black Americans EXCEPT __________.
A、access to medical care.
B、lifestyle choices.
C、economic conditions. Percentage of the population.
D、percentage of the population.
38、Cancer is more treatable if it is detected __________.
A、in an early stage
B、together with other diseases
C、during checkups
D、in elderly people
39、Amore research is needed to see if there is a link betweenbiological differences and __________.
A、cancer sites
B、stages of diagnosis
C、cancer death rates
D、socioeconomic disparities
40、Since 1992, cancer incidence rates among black Americans __________.
A、have been going up and down
B、have remained stable
C、have increased
D、have fallen
第三篇
Cousteau Remembered
Jacques-Ives Cousteau died in Paris on 26 June, 1997 at the age of 87. Hisinfluence is great. Scientists respected his creative engineering; engineerspraised his science. Cousteau, who claimed to be neither scientist norengineer, contributed significantly to both disciplines—and to many more.
Throughout his adventure-filled life, Cousteauchallenged definitions. Yes, he was a captain in the French Navy, and early on,a filmmaker and natural storyteller. Later, he became a famous ocean explorer,designer of underwater equipment, expedition leader, author, speaker,businessman, environmentalist, teacher and leader of an influential organization(the Cousteau Society).
All who care about the sea—and even those who dont think much about the ocean one way oranother—owe Cousteau a tremendous debt. The knowledgegained as a consequence of his direct contributions, and the strong impact hehad on others, have transformed the way the world thinks about the sea. Hisstories of encounters with sharks and other fish inspired many to go seethemselves. Cousteau pioneered ventures in underwater living in the 1960s: sub-sealabs where scientists submerged for days or weeks-theunderwater labs similar to Skylab or the space station. His films andtelevision programmes won two Academy Rewards, three Emnies, and the hearts andminds of viewers worldwide for decades.
Showered with honours, Cousteau remarkedrecently that he thought his most important accomplishment was to make peopleaware of-and care about-the ocean: Thanks to him, we grew concerned about our growingpopulation and the consequences of over fishing and ocean pollution that threatenthe health of the sea, and we were inspired to do something to improve the waythings are done.
We shared the sad feeling with Cousteau whenSimone, his wife and partner for many years, died and when his son Phillippewas killed in a plane crash. We shared his joy when Jean-Michel, his eldestson, became an explorer and a spokesman for the sea in his own right. We werehappy for Cousteau when he began a new family with his second wife, Fracine.And now that his voice of the ocean is silenced, we feel very sad.
41、According to the passage, Cousteaus influence is great because he__________.
A、was both a scientist and an engineer
B、invented Skylab
C、made contributions to science and engineering
D、was a captain in the French Navy
42、From the second paragraph, we know that __________.
A、Cousteau did not like any scientific definitions
B、Cousteau wrote many adventure-filled stories
C、Cousteaus main job was protecting environment
D、Cousteaus contributions were not limited to science and engineering
43、Of all the careers he followed, his main concern was concentrated on_________.
A、building the sub-water labs
B、ocean and ocean pollution
C、making films and television programmes
D、writing encounters with sea animals, such as sharks
44、What debt do we owe Cousteau according to Paragraphs 3 and 4?__________
A、His work has made us realize we should improve the way things aredone.
B、His contributions have pushed science toward a higher stage ofdevelopment.
C、His invention of sub-sea labs has made ocean exploration easier.
D、His adventures have made people go and see the sea.
45、Which of the following statement about Cousteaus family life is NOTtrue? _________
A、His second wife died some time ago.
B、His son Philippe was killed in a plane crash.
C、His first wife died before Cousteau.
D、His elder son became the spokesman for the sea.
第五部分：補(bǔ)全短文(第46～50題，每題2分，共10分)
閱讀下面的短文，文章中有5處空白，文章后面有6組文字，請(qǐng)根據(jù)文章的內(nèi)容選擇5組文字，將其分別放回文章原有位置，以恢復(fù)文章原貌。請(qǐng)將答案涂在答題卡相應(yīng)的位置上。
How to Jump Queue Fury
If you find yourself waiting in a long queueat an airport or bus terminus this holiday, will you try to analyze what it isabout queuing that makes you angry? Or will you just get angry with the nearestofficial?
Professor Richard Larson, an electricalengineer at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, hates queuing but ratherthan tear his hair out, he decided to study the subject. 46. He cites anexperiment at Houstonairport where passengers had to walk for one minute from the plane to thebaggage reclaim and then wait a further seven minutes to collect their luggage.Complaints were frequent, especially from those who had spent seven minutes watchingpassengers with just hand baggage get out immediately.
The airport authorities decided to lengthenthe walk from the aircraft, so that instead of a one-minute fast walk, thepassengers spent six minutes walking 47 The extra walk extended thedelay by five minutes for those carrying only hand baggage, but passenger complaintsdropped almost to zero.
The reason? Larson suggests that it all has todo with what he calls “social justice”. If people see others taking a shortcut, they will find the wait unbearable. 48
Another aspect Larson studied was theobservation that people get more fed up if they are not told what is going on. 49
But even knowing how long we have to waitisnt the whole answer. We must also believe that everything is being done tominimize our delay. Larson cites the example of two neighboring American banks.One was highly computerized and served a customer, on average, every 30 seconds.50.But because the tellers at the second bank looked extremely busy, customersbelieved the service was faster and many transferred their accounts to theslower bank. Ultimately, the latter had to introduce time-wasting ways ofappearing more dynamic.
A、So in the case of the airport, it was preferable to delay everyone.
B、The other bank was less automated and took twice as long.
C、When they finally arrived at the baggage reclaim, the delay was thenonly two minutes.
D、His first finding, which backs up earlier work at the US NationalScience Foundation, was that the degree of annoyance was not directly relatedto the time.
E、Its unbearable for the airport to delay everyone.
F、Passengers told that there will be a half-hour delay are lessunhappy than those left waiting even twenty minutes without an explanation.
第六部分：完型填空(第51～65題，每題1分，共l5分)
閱讀下面的短文，文中有15處空白，每處空白給出了4個(gè)選項(xiàng)，請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容從4個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇1個(gè)最佳答案，涂在答題卡相應(yīng)的位置上。
Man and Computer
What makes people different from computerprograms? What is the missing element that our theories dont yet 51 for?The answer is simple: People read newspaper stories 52 a reason to learn more about what they areinterested in. Computers, on the other hand, dont. In fact, computers dont 53 have interests; there is nothing in particular that they are trying to find outwhen they read. If a computer 54 is to be a model of story understanding,it should also read for a “purpose”.
Of course, people have several goals that donot make 55 to attribute to computers. One might read a restaurant guidein order to satisfy hunger or entertainment goals, or to 56 a good place to go for a businesslunch. Computers do not 57, and computers do not have business lunches.
However, these physiological and social goalsgive 58 to several intellectual or cognitive(認(rèn)知的) goals. A goal to satisfy hunger gives rise to goals to find 59 about the name of a restaurant which serves the desired type of food, howexpensive the restaurant is, the 60 of the restaurant, etc. These aregoals to 61information or knowledge, what we are calling 62 goals. These goals can be held by computers too a computer might “want” to findout the location of a restaurant, and read a guide in order to do so 63 the same way as a person might. While such a goal would not 64 out ofhunger in the case of the computer, it might 65 rise out of the “goal”to learn more about restaurants,
51、A、express
B、explain
C、account
D、count
52、A、upon
B、with
C、of
D、for
53、A、once
B、even
C、ever
D、often
54、A、program
B、instruction
C、system
D、function
55、A、success
B、sense
C、scene
D、point
56、A、find
B、search
C、look
D、watch
57、A、tired
B、hungry
C、damaged
D、broken
58、A、way
B、play
C、rise
D、birth
59、A、place
B、food
C、reference
D、information
60、A、district
B、location
C、region
D、direction
61、A、acquire
B、ask
C、require
D、consult
62、A、understanding
B、learning
C、knowledge
D、awareness
63、A、as
B、on
C、by
D、in
64、A、arise
B、rise
C、consent
D、derive
65、A、probably
B、almost
C、well
D、likely
參考答案
1.C、2.B、3.D、4.A、5.A、6.A、7.A、8.A、9.D、10.A
11.B、12.A、13.B、14.C、15.C、16.A、17.B、18.C、19.A、20.C
21.B、22.A、23.F、24.D、25.B、26.C、27.B、28.D、29.E、30.C
31.B、32.A、33.D、34.A、35.C、36.B、37.D、38.A、39.C、40.D
41.C、42.D、43.B、44.A、45.A、46.D、47.C、48.A、49.F、50.B
51.C、52.D、53.B、54.A、55.B、56.A、57.B、58.C、59.D、60.B
61.A、62.B、63.D、64.A、65.C
【網(wǎng)絡(luò)綜合 - 英文寫作翻譯答案】
以下是英文寫作翻譯頻道為大家整理的《職稱英語(yǔ)理工類概括大意預(yù)測(cè)題及答案》，供大家參考。更多內(nèi)容請(qǐng)看本站寫作翻譯頻道。
More Than 8 Hours Sleep Too Much of a Good Thing
1 Although the dangers of too little sleep are widely known, new research suggests that people who sleep too much may also suffer the consequences.
2 Investigators at the University of California in San Diego found that people who clock up1 9 or 10 hours each weeknight appear to have more trouble falling and staying asleep, as well as a number of other sleep problems, than people who sleep 8 hours a night People who slept only 7 hours each night also said they had more trouble falling asleep and feeling refreshed after a night’s sleep than 8-hour sleepers.2
3 These findings, which Dr Daniel Kripke reported in the journal Psychosomatic Medicine3, demonstrate that people who want to get a good night’s rest may not need to set aside4 more than 8 hours a night He added that “it might be a good idea” for people who sleep more than 8 hours each night to consider reducing the amount of time they spend in bed, but cautioned that more research is needed to confirm this.
4 Previous studies have shown the potential dangers of chronic shortages of sleep — for instance, one report demonstrated that people who habitually sleep less than 7 hours each night have a higher risk of dying within a fixed period than people who sleep more.
5 For the current report, Kripke reviewed the responses of 1,004 adults to sleep questionnaires, in which participants indicated how much they slept during the week and whether they experienced any sleep problems Sleep problems included waking in the middle of the night, arising early in the morning and being unable to fall back to sleep, and having fatigue interfere with day-to- day functioning5.
6 Kripke found that people who slept between 9 and 10 hours each night were more likely to report experiencing each sleep problem than people who slept 88 hours In an interview, Kripke noted that long sleepers may struggle to get rest at night simply because they spend too much time in bed As evidence, he added that one way to help insomnia is to spend less time in bed “It stands to reason6 that if a person spends too long a time in bed, then they’ll spend a higher percentage of time awake,” he said.
詞匯：
refresh v.(使)精力恢復(fù) questionnaire n.問卷
psychosomatic adj.(指疾病)由精神壓力引起的
fatigue n.疲勞 caution v.警告
insomnia n.失眠 habitually adv.習(xí)慣地
注釋：
1.clock up：時(shí)間達(dá)到
2.they had more trouble falling asleep and feeling refreshed after a night’s sleep than 8-hour sleepers：falling和feeling都是說明trouble的。全句可譯為：與8小時(shí)睡眠者相比，他們?cè)谌胨徒?jīng)過一夜睡眠恢復(fù)精力方面有更多的麻煩。
3.Psychosomatic Medicine：《心身醫(yī)學(xué)》(醫(yī)學(xué)雜志名)
4.set aside：留出
5.having fatigue interfere with day-to-day functioning：感到疲乏影響日常工作。
6.stand to reason：是當(dāng)然的，是合情合理的
練習(xí)：
1.Paragraph 2 ________
2.Paragraph 4 ________
3.Paragraph 5 ________
4.Paragraph 6 ________
A Kripke’s Research Tool
B Dangers of Habitual Shortages of Sleep
C Criticism on Kripke’s Report
D A Way of Overcoming Insomnia
E Sleep Problem of Long and Short Sleepers
F Classification of Sleep Problems
5.To get a good night’s rest, people may not need to ________.
6.Long sleepers are reported to be more likely to ________.
7.One of the sleep problems is waking in the middle of the night, unable to ________.
8.One survey showed that people who habitually ________ each night have a higher risk of dying.
A fall asleep again
B become more energetic the following day
C sleep less than 7 hours
D confirm those serious consequences
E suffer sleep problems
F sleep more than 8 hours
答案與題解：
1.E 第二段列舉了睡眠時(shí)間多于或少于8小時(shí)而帶來的多種sleep problems。
2.B 第四段闡述了長(zhǎng)期睡眠不足所帶來的嚴(yán)重后果。
3.A 第五段介紹了Kripke的調(diào)查工具(tool)。他用的是有關(guān)睡眠的問卷。問卷包括兩大內(nèi)容：睡眠時(shí)間及睡眠困擾問題。
4.D 第六段最后兩句是：“... one way to help insomnia is to spend less time in bed.”和“It stands to reason that if a person spends too long a time in bed, then they’ll spend a higher percentage of time awake.”這是選擇D的依據(jù)。
5.F 選擇F的依據(jù)是第三段第一句。原文是：“... people who want to get a good night’s rest may not need to set aside more than 8 hours a night.”
6.E 選擇E的依據(jù)是第六段第一句。原文是：“... people who slept between 9 and 10 hours each night were more likely to report experiencing each sleep problem than people who slept 8 hours. ”
7.A 本題答案的依據(jù)是第五段第二句：“Sleep problems included waking in the middle of the night, arising early in the morning and being unable to fall back to sleep ...”
8.C 本題答案的依據(jù)是第四段：“... one report demonstrated that people who habitually sleep less than 7 hours each night have a higher risk of dying within a fixed period than people who sleep more.”
譯文：每晚只需8小時(shí)，睡眠過多非益事
睡眠不足帶來的危害已經(jīng)廣為人知，而一項(xiàng)新的研究表明睡眠過多同樣會(huì)使人們產(chǎn)生不良后果。
圣地亞哥加利福尼亞大學(xué)的研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)在入睡、保持睡眠等方面，每晚睡眠9或10小時(shí)的人比睡8小時(shí)的人存在更多問題。而每晚僅睡7小時(shí)的人則表示，他們?cè)谌胨靶菹⒑缶謴?fù)程度上不及8小時(shí)睡眠者。
Daniel Kripke博士在《心身醫(yī)學(xué)》雜志上報(bào)告的這些新發(fā)現(xiàn)表明，人們?nèi)绻胪砩闲菹⒑茫刻炝艚o睡眠的時(shí)間只需8小時(shí)。他補(bǔ)充說，對(duì)于那些每晚睡8小時(shí)以上的人們來說，考慮減少在床上度過的時(shí)間“也許是個(gè)好主意”。不過他又提醒說這還需要進(jìn)一步的研究證實(shí)。
以往的研究證明了長(zhǎng)期睡眠缺乏的潛在危機(jī)。有報(bào)告顯示，睡眠經(jīng)常少于7小時(shí)的人比睡眠充足者，在特定時(shí)期內(nèi)死亡的機(jī)率更高。
而在目前這份報(bào)告中，Kripke考評(píng)了一份1004名成年人參與反饋的睡眠調(diào)查問卷。問卷內(nèi)容涉及每周睡眠時(shí)間和各種可能的睡眠問題，包括半夜驚覺，清晨早醒，無(wú)法重新入睡，以及白天疲勞，影響日常工作等。
Kripke發(fā)現(xiàn)每晚9至10小時(shí)睡眠者比睡8小時(shí)的人更容易出現(xiàn)各類睡眠問題。在次訪談中，Kripke注意到睡眠時(shí)間長(zhǎng)的人夜間可能難以入眠，正是因?yàn)樗麄兯锰嗔恕Ｒ虼怂a(bǔ)充說，治療失眠最好的一種方法就是少睡點(diǎn)兒。“在床上花得時(shí)間過長(zhǎng)，醒著的時(shí)間就會(huì)更多，這是理所當(dāng)然的。”
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