英語六級(jí)CET選詞填空專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練
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Section A
Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.
In the second half of the twentieth century, many countries of the South began to send students to the industrialized countries for further education. They(36)needed supplies of highly trained personnel to(37) a concept of development based on modernization. But many of these students decided to stay on in the developed
countries when they had finished their training.
In the 1960s, some Latin American countries tried to solve this problem by setting up special "return"programs to encourage their professionals to come back home. These programs received support from international bodies such as the International Organization for Migration, which in 1974enabled over 1,60038scientists and technicians to return to Latin America.
In the 1980s and 1990s, "temporary return" programs were set up in order to make the best use of trained personnel(39)strategic positions in the developed countries. This gave rise to the United Nations Development Program's Transfer of Knowledge through Expatriate Nationals, which encourages technicians and scientists to work in their own countries for short periods. But the brain drain from these countries may well increase in(40) to the new laws of the international market in knowledge.
Recent studies (41) that the most developed countries are going to need more and more highly qualified professionals around twice as many as their educational systems will be able to produce, or so it is thought. As a (42)there is an urgent need for developing countries which send students abroad to give(43)to fields where they need competent people to give muscle to their own institutions, instead of encouraging the training of people who may not come back because there are no professional outlets for them. And the countries of the South must not be content with institutional structures that simply take back professionals sent abroad; they must introduce(44)administrative procedures to encourage them to return. If they do not do this, the brain drain is(45)to continue.
A. forecast
B. flexible
C. neutrally
D. preference
E.detachM
F. bound
G. implement
H. consequence
I. qualified
J. dismissing
K. result
L.occupying
M. urgently
N . skeptical
O . response
20世紀(jì)下半葉，很多發(fā)展中國(guó)家開始把本國(guó)學(xué)生送往工業(yè)化國(guó)家深造。他們[36]迫切需要大批訓(xùn)練有素的專業(yè)人才以[37]落實(shí)基于現(xiàn)代化的發(fā)展觀。
20世紀(jì)60年代。一些拉美國(guó)家設(shè)法通過設(shè)立專門的“回歸”項(xiàng)目，鼓勵(lì)其專業(yè)人才回國(guó)，以使這個(gè)問題得到解決。這些項(xiàng)目得到了諸如國(guó)際移民組織等國(guó)際機(jī)構(gòu)的支持，因此，1974年，1600多位[38]合格的科學(xué)家和技術(shù)人員得以回到拉丁美洲。
在20世紀(jì)80～90年代，“暫時(shí)性回歸”項(xiàng)目得以設(shè)立，旨在使那些在發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家[39]擔(dān)任戰(zhàn)略性職位的專門人才人盡其用。這也促使聯(lián)合國(guó)發(fā)展計(jì)劃署設(shè)立了“外僑傳遞知識(shí)”項(xiàng)目。該項(xiàng)目鼓勵(lì)技術(shù)人員和科學(xué)家在自己的祖國(guó)進(jìn)行短期的工作。但是[40] 由于知識(shí)界國(guó)際市場(chǎng)的新法則，這些國(guó)家的人才流失或許會(huì)更加嚴(yán)重。
最近的研究[41]預(yù)測(cè)，最發(fā)達(dá)的國(guó)家將會(huì)需要越來越多的高素質(zhì)專業(yè)人才，所需人數(shù)大概是其教育系統(tǒng)所能培養(yǎng)的人才的兩倍。或者也可以說，人們是這么認(rèn)為的。[42]因此派學(xué)生出國(guó)留學(xué)的發(fā)展中國(guó)家急需向那些需要有能力的人來加強(qiáng)其體系的領(lǐng)域[43]傾斜，而不是鼓勵(lì)培養(yǎng)那些由于找不到專業(yè)出路而有可能不回國(guó)的人。并且發(fā)展中國(guó)家不應(yīng)該只滿足于那種簡(jiǎn)單地把派往海外的專業(yè)人才送回國(guó)的體制結(jié)構(gòu)，而是必須要引進(jìn)[44]靈活的管理程序以鼓勵(lì)留學(xué)生回國(guó)。如果它們不這樣做，人才流失問題[45] 必定會(huì)繼續(xù)存在。
答案解析
36.M
語法判斷：分析句子主干可知，該空前后是一個(gè)完整的句子，結(jié)合所給選項(xiàng)可知，該空缺少一個(gè)副詞來修飾后面的謂語動(dòng)詞needed。
語義判斷：符合上述語法條件的只有兩個(gè)選項(xiàng)，neutrally意為“中立地”，urgently意為“迫切地，緊急地”。此處是指“他們迫切需要大批……”，故只有urgently符合文意，故選M。
37.G
語法判斷：分析句子主干可知，該空前面是一個(gè)完整的句子，這里需要一個(gè)動(dòng)詞原形與前面的to構(gòu)成動(dòng)詞不定式，并和后面的名詞concept(理念)一起作前面的賓語personnel(人才)的補(bǔ)足語。
語義判斷：符合上述語法條件的有四個(gè)選項(xiàng)，forecast意為“預(yù)報(bào)，預(yù)測(cè)”，detach意為“分離;使超然”，bound意為“束縛;劃定界限”，implement意為“完成，實(shí)現(xiàn)”。此處是指“需要大批人才落實(shí)(或?qū)崿F(xiàn))……發(fā)展觀”，故只有implement符合文意，故選G。
38.I
語法判斷：分析句子主干(which…enable…to returnto…)可知，該空所在的句子是一個(gè)由which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句，這里需要一個(gè)形容詞作定語修飾后面的賓語scientists and technicians(科技人員)。
語義判斷：符合上述語法條件的選項(xiàng)有四個(gè)，flexible意為“有彈性的;靈活的”，bound意為“受約束的;有義務(wù)的”，qualified意為“合格的”，skeptical意為“懷疑的”。結(jié)合句意可知，只有quafified(合格的)符合這里的表達(dá)。故選I。
39.L
語法判斷：分析句子主干可知，該空前面是個(gè)完整的句子，這里需要一個(gè)現(xiàn)在分詞與后面的strategic positions in the developed countries一起作前面的personnel的定語，以補(bǔ)充說明它前面的personnel。
語義判斷：符合上述語法條件的選項(xiàng)有兩個(gè)，dismissin9意為“解雇;解散”，occupyin9意為“占據(jù);任職”。結(jié)合句意可知，只有occupying(任職)符合這里的表達(dá)，故選L。
40.O
語法判斷：分析句子主干可知，該空前面是個(gè)完整的句子，即主謂結(jié)構(gòu)(brain drain…increase)，主謂結(jié)構(gòu)后面是一個(gè)介詞短語(in——to the new laws of the international market in knowledge)作狀語修飾謂語動(dòng)詞increase。通過分析此短語可知，in和to之間缺少一個(gè)名詞。
語義判斷：符合上述語法條件的選項(xiàng)有四個(gè)：preference意為“更喜歡，偏愛”，response意為“反應(yīng)”，consequence 和result意為“結(jié)果”。注意到response(&應(yīng))構(gòu)成的介詞短語in responseto為常用搭配.意為“對(duì)……的反應(yīng)”，符合句意，因此選項(xiàng)O是正確答案。
41.A
語法判斷：分析句子主干可知，該句缺少一個(gè)謂語動(dòng)詞，空格后為that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。
語義判斷：結(jié)合37題的“語義判斷”以及該空后面賓語從句中的將來時(shí)態(tài)are going to可知，只有動(dòng)詞forecast(預(yù)測(cè))符合這里的句意。所以正確答案是A。
42.K
語法判斷：分析句子主干可知，該空后面是一個(gè)therebe結(jié)構(gòu)的完整句子，判斷此處為作狀語成分的介詞短語as a__________。分析此短語可知，as a后缺少一個(gè)單數(shù)名詞。
語義判斷：結(jié)合40題的“語義判斷”，只有result(結(jié)果)構(gòu)成的介詞短語as a result(因此)符合這里的表達(dá).故正確答案是K。
43.D
語法判斷：分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，該空所在的位置是一個(gè)由which引導(dǎo)的.定語從句，修飾前面的countries，而該空和其前的動(dòng)詞9ive一起構(gòu)成動(dòng)詞不定式結(jié)構(gòu)to give__________to fields where…owninstitutions，作它前面send students abroad的補(bǔ)足語。通過分析短語give__________to可知，空格處應(yīng)填入一個(gè)名詞。
語義判斷：結(jié)合40題和42題的“語義判斷”，只有preference(偏愛 )構(gòu)成的動(dòng)詞短語give preference to(對(duì)……偏愛)符合這里的句意，因此D是正確答案。
44.B
語法判斷：分析句子主干可知，該空缺少一個(gè)形容詞，和administrative一起作定語修飾后面的賓語procedures。
語義判斷：符合上述語法條件的選項(xiàng)有四個(gè)，結(jié)合38題的“語義判斷”可知，flexible(靈活的)符合這里的句意，因此B是正確答案。
45.F
語法判斷：空格前為句子主語brain drain和系動(dòng)詞is，空格后為動(dòng)詞不定式to continue。由此可知，本句的謂語結(jié)構(gòu)不完整。這里缺少一個(gè)形容詞和is構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)。
語義判斷：在剩下的單詞中，符合語法條件的選項(xiàng)有：現(xiàn)在分詞dismissing和形容詞flexible、bound、skeptical。結(jié)合38題的“語義判斷”和句意可知只有bound符合語境，beboundto為常用搭配，意為“一定，必定”，指人才流失問題必定會(huì)繼續(xù)存在，故選 F。
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